Ha ho bapisoa le li-radial flux motors, li-axial flux motors li na le melemo e mengata moralong oa likoloi tsa motlakase. Mohlala, li-axial flux motors li ka fetola sebopeho sa mochini oa motlakase ka ho tsamaisa enjene ho tloha ho axle ho ea kahare ho mabili.
1.Axis ea matla
Axial flux motorsba fumana tlhokomelo e eketsehileng (ho fumana matla). Ka lilemo tse ngata, mofuta ona oa koloi o sebelisitsoe lits'ebetsong tse emeng joalo ka li-lifti le mechini ea temo, empa lilemong tse leshome tse fetileng, bahlahisi ba bangata ba ntse ba sebetsa ho ntlafatsa theknoloji ena le ho e sebelisa ho lithuthuthu tsa motlakase, li-pods tsa boema-fofane, literaka tsa thepa, motlakase. likoloi, esita le lifofane.
Li-motors tsa setso tsa radial flux li sebelisa limakenete tse sa feleng kapa li-motors tsa induction, tse entseng tsoelo-pele e kholo ho ntlafatseng boima le litšenyehelo. Leha ho le joalo, ba tobana le mathata a mangata ho tsoela pele ho hōla. Axial flux, mofuta o fapaneng ka ho felletseng oa koloi, e kanna ea ba khetho e ntle.
Ha ho bapisoa le li-radial motors, sebaka se sebetsang sa matla a khoheli sa li-axial flux permanent magnet motors ke bokaholimo ba motor rotor, eseng bophara ba kantle. Ka hona, ka bongata bo itseng ba enjene, li-axial flux magnet motors hangata li ka fana ka torque e kholo.
Axial flux motorsli kopane ho feta; Ha ho bapisoa le li-radial motors, bolelele ba axial ea enjene bo khuts'oane haholo. Bakeng sa li-motor tse ka hare tsa mabili, hangata sena ke ntlha ea bohlokoa. Sebopeho se kopaneng sa li-axial motors se tiisa matla a phahameng a matla le matla a torque ho feta li-radial motors tse tšoanang, ka hona, ho felisa tlhoko ea lebelo le holimo haholo la ts'ebetso.
Ts'ebetso ea li-axial flux motors le eona e phahame haholo, hangata e feta 96%. Sena se bakoa ke tsela e khuts'oane e le 'ngoe, e ka bapisoang kapa e phahameng ka ho fetesisa ha e bapisoa le li-motors tsa 2D radial flux tse ntle ka ho fetisisa 'marakeng.
Bolelele ba enjene bo khuts'oane, hangata makhetlo a 5 ho isa ho a 8, 'me boima bo boetse bo fokotsehile ka makhetlo a 2 ho isa ho a 5. Lintlha tsena tse peli li fetotse khetho ea baqapi ba sethala sa likoloi tsa motlakase.
2. Theknoloji ea Axial flux
Ho na le li-topology tse peli tse ka sehloohong bakeng sali-axial flux motors: Dual rotor single stator (ka linako tse ling e bitsoa mechine ea torus) le stator e le 'ngoe ea rotor e le' ngoe.
Hajoale, li-motor tse ngata tse sa feleng li sebelisa radial flux topology. Potoloho ea magnetic flux e qala ka makenete e sa feleng ho rotor, e feta ka leino la pele ho stator, ebe e phalla ka radially ka stator. Ebe u feta leino la bobeli ho fihlela tšepe ea bobeli ea makenete ho rotor. Ho dual rotor axial flux topology, flux loop e qala ho tloha makeneteng oa pele, e feta ka axially ka meno a stator, 'me hang-hang e fihla ho makenete ea bobeli.
Sena se bolela hore tsela ea flux e khuts'oane haholo ho feta ea li-radial flux motors, e bakang palo e nyane ea enjene, matla a phahameng a matla le katleho ka matla a tšoanang.
Enjene ea radial, moo matla a khoheli a fetang leinong la pele ebe o khutlela leinong le latelang ka stator, ho fihlela makenete. Magnetic flux e latela tsela ea mahlakore a mabeli.
Tsela ea magnetic flux ea mochine oa axial magnetic flux e lehlakoreng le le leng, kahoo tšepe ea motlakase e shebaneng le lijo-thollo e ka sebelisoa. Tšepe ena e etsa hore ho be bonolo hore phallo e fete, ka hona e ntlafatsa ts'ebetso.
Ka tloaelo li-radial flux motors li sebelisa li-winding tse hasantsoeng, tse fihlang halofo ea lipheletso tse matsoelintsoeke li sa sebetse. Coil overhang e tla fella ka boima bo eketsehileng, litšenyehelo, ho hanyetsa motlakase, le tahlehelo e eketsehileng ea mocheso, ho qobella baqapi ho ntlafatsa moralo oa matsoeli.
Koele e fella kali-axial flux motorsli nyane haholo, 'me meralo e meng e sebelisa li-winding tse kopaneng kapa tse arohaneng, tse sebetsang ka botlalo. Bakeng sa mechine e arohaneng ea stator radial, ho phatloha ha tsela ea magnetic flux ho stator ho ka tlisa tahlehelo e eketsehileng, empa bakeng sa li-axial flux motors, sena ha se bothata. Moralo oa ho phethoa ha li-coil ke senotlolo sa ho khetholla boemo ba barekisi.
3. Tsoelo-pele
Li-motor tsa Axial flux li tobane le mathata a tebileng moralong le tlhahisong, leha li na le melemo ea theknoloji, litšenyehelo tsa tsona li phahame haholo ho feta tsa li-radial motors. Batho ba na le kutloisiso e phethahetseng ea li-radial motors, 'me mekhoa ea tlhahiso le lisebelisoa tsa mochini le tsona li fumaneha habonolo.
E 'ngoe ea liphephetso tse ka sehloohong tsa li-axial flux motors ke ho boloka lekhalo le tšoanang la moea pakeng tsa rotor le stator, kaha matla a khoheli a matla haholo ho feta a li-radial motors, a etsang hore ho be thata ho boloka lekhalo le tšoanang la moea. The dual rotor axial flux motor e boetse e na le mathata a ho felloa ke mocheso, kaha maqhubu a teng ka hare ho stator le pakeng tsa li-rotor discs tse peli, ho etsa hore mocheso o be thata haholo.
Axial flux motors le eona e thata ho e etsa ka mabaka a mangata. Mochini oa rotor o habeli o sebelisang mochini oa rotor o nang le topology ea lijoko (ke hore, ho tlosa joko ea tšepe ho tloha ho stator empa ho boloka meno a tšepe) o hlola a mang a mathata ana ntle le ho atolosa bophara ba motlakase le makenete.
Leha ho le joalo, ho tlosa joko ho tlisa liphephetso tse ncha, tse kang mokhoa oa ho lokisa le ho beha meno ka bomong ntle le ho kopanya joko ea mochine. Ho pholisa le hona ke phephetso e kholoanyane.
Hape ho thata ho hlahisa rotor le ho boloka lekhalo la moea, kaha rotor disc e hohela rotor. Molemo ke hore li-rotor discs li kopantsoe ka ho toba ka lesale la shaft, kahoo mabotho a hlakola e mong le e mong. Sena se bolela hore ho kenya letsoho ka hare ha ho mamelle matla ana, 'me mosebetsi oa eona feela ke ho boloka stator e le boemong bo bohareng pakeng tsa li-rotor disc tse peli.
Li-motor tse peli tsa stator single rotor ha li tobane le mathata a li-circle motors, empa moralo oa stator o rarahane haholo ebile o thata ho o fihlela othomathike, 'me litšenyehelo tse amanang le tsona li phahame. Ho fapana le enjene efe kapa efe ea setso ea radial flux, lits'ebetso tsa tlhahiso ea likoloi tsa axial le lisebelisoa tsa mochini li sa tsoa hlaha.
4. Tšebeliso ea likoloi tsa motlakase
Ho tšepahala ho bohlokoa indastering ea likoloi, le ho paka ho ts'epahala le ho tiea ha mefuta e fapaneng.li-axial flux motorsho kholisa bahlahisi hore li-motor tsena li loketse tlhahiso ea bongata esale e le phephetso. Sena se khothalelitse barekisi ba likoloi tsa axial ho etsa mananeo a pharalletseng a netefatso ka bobona, 'me morekisi e mong le e mong a bonts'a hore ts'epahalo ea koloi ea bona ha e fapane le li-motor tsa setso tsa radial flux.
Karolo e le 'ngoe feela e ka tsofalang ka hoaxial flux motorke libering. Bolelele ba axial magnetic flux e batla e le khutšoanyane, 'me boemo ba li-bearings bo haufi, hangata bo etselitsoe hore bo be "ho feta dimensioned" hanyenyane. Ka lehlohonolo, axial flux motor e na le boima bo nyane ba rotor mme e khona ho mamella meroalo e tlase ea rotor e matla. Ka hona, matla a sebele a sebelisoang ho li-bearings a nyane haholo ho feta a radial flux motor.
Electronic axle ke e 'ngoe ea lisebelisoa tsa pele tsa li-axial motors. Bophara bo tšesaane bo ka koahela enjene le lebokose la gear ka har'a axle. Lits'ebetsong tse nyalisitsoeng, bolelele bo khuts'oane ba axial ba enjene bo khutsufatsa bolelele bohle ba sistimi ea phetiso.
Mohato o latelang ke ho kenya mochine oa axial lebiling. Ka tsela ena, matla a ka fetisoa ka kotloloho ho tloha ho enjene ho ea ho mabili, ho ntlafatsa katleho ea enjene. Ka lebaka la ho felisoa ha phetisetso, liphapang, le li-driveshafts, ho rarahana ha sistimi le hona ho fokotsehile.
Leha ho le joalo, ho bonahala eka litlhophiso tse tloaelehileng ha li so hlahe. Moetsi e mong le e mong oa thepa ea pele o ntse a etsa lipatlisiso tsa tlhophiso e itseng, kaha boholo le libopeho tse fapaneng tsa li-axial motors li ka fetola moralo oa likoloi tsa motlakase. Ha ho bapisoa le li-radial motors, li-axial motors li na le matla a phahameng a matla, ho bolelang hore ho ka sebelisoa li-axial motors tse nyane. Sena se fana ka likhetho tse ncha tsa moralo bakeng sa sethala sa likoloi, joalo ka ho beoa ha lipakete tsa betri.
4.1 Lihlomo tse arohaneng
The YASA (Yokeless and Segmented Armature) topology ea motor ke mohlala oa dual rotor single stator topology, e fokotsang ho rarahana ha tlhahiso mme e loketse tlhahiso ea boima bo ikemetseng. Li-motor tsena li na le matla a matla a ho fihla ho 10 kW/kg ka lebelo la 2000 ho isa ho 9000 rpm.
Ka ho sebelisa molaoli ea inehetseng, e ka fana ka motlakase oa 200 kVA bakeng sa enjene. Mookameli o na le boholo ba lilithara tse ka bang 5 'me o boima ba lik'hilograma tse 5.8, ho kenyelletsa le tsamaiso ea mocheso e nang le pholiso ea oli ea dielectric, e loketseng li-axial flux motors hammoho le induction le radial flux motors.
Sena se lumella baetsi ba lisebelisoa tsa mantlha tsa likoloi tsa motlakase le bahlahisi ba maemo a pele ho khetha enjene e nepahetseng ho latela ts'ebeliso le sebaka se fumanehang. Boholo le boima bo fokolang bo etsa hore koloi e be bobebe 'me e be le libeteri tse ngata, ka tsela eo e eketsa matla a marang-rang.
5. Tšebeliso ea lithuthuthu tsa motlakase
Bakeng sa lithuthuthu tsa motlakase le li-ATV, lik'hamphani tse ling li thehile li-motor tsa AC axial flux. Moralo o sebelisoang hangata bakeng sa mofuta ona oa koloi ke meralo ea DC brush based axial flux, athe sehlahisoa se secha ke AC, moralo o tiisitsoeng ka botlalo oa brushless.
Li-coil tsa li-motor tsa DC le tsa AC li lula li eme, empa li-rotor tse peli li sebelisa limatlase tse sa feleng ho fapana le li-armatures tse potolohang. Molemo oa mokhoa ona ke hore ha o hloke ho khutlisetsoa morao ka mechine.
Moralo oa AC axial le ona o ka sebelisa li-control tsa methati tse tharo tsa AC bakeng sa li-radial motors. Sena se thusa ho fokotsa litšenyehelo, kaha molaoli o laola hona joale ha torque, eseng lebelo. Molaoli o hloka maqhubu a 12 kHz kapa ho feta, e leng maqhubu a tloaelehileng a lisebelisoa tse joalo.
Maqhubu a holimo a tsoa ho inductance e tlase ea moea ea 20 µ H. Leqhubu le ka laola hona joale ho fokotsa maqhubu a hona joale le ho netefatsa hore letšoao la sinusoidal le boreleli kamoo ho ka khonehang. Ho latela pono e matla, ena ke mokhoa o motle oa ho fihlella taolo e bonolo ea enjene ka ho lumella liphetoho tse potlakileng tsa torque.
Moqapi ona o nka mokhoa o arolelanoang oa mekhahlelo e 'meli, kahoo matla a khoheli a phalla ho tloha rotor ho ea ho rotor e' ngoe ka stator, ka tsela e khutšoanyane haholo le katleho e phahameng.
Senotlolo sa moralo ona ke hore se ka sebetsa ka matla a phahameng a 60 V mme ha se tšoanelehe bakeng sa litsamaiso tse phahameng tsa motlakase. Ka hona, e ka sebelisoa bakeng sa lithuthuthu tsa motlakase le L7e likoloi tse mabili a mane tse kang Renault Twizy.
Matla a phahameng a 60 V a lumella enjene hore e hokahane le lits'ebetso tsa motlakase tsa 48 V mme e nolofatsa mosebetsi oa ho lokisa.
Litlhaloso tsa L7e tsa mabili a mane ho European Framework Regulation 2002/24/EC li bolela hore boima ba likoloi tse sebelisoang ho tsamaisa thepa ha bo fete 600 kilograms, ho sa kenyeletsoe boima ba libeteri. Likoloi tsena ha lia lumelloa ho nka bapalami ba fetang 200 lik'hilograma, li-kilogramme tse fetang 1000 tsa thepa, le matla a enjene a fetang 15 kilowatts. Mokhoa oa ho phalla o ka fana ka torque ea 75-100 Nm, e nang le matla a phahameng a 20-25 kW le matla a tsoelang pele a 15 kW.
Bothata ba axial flux ke hore na maqhubu a koporo a senya mocheso joang, e leng ntho e thata hobane mocheso o tlameha ho feta ka rotor. Maqhubu a ajoang ke senotlolo sa ho rarolla bothata bona, kaha e na le palo e kholo ea li-pole slots. Ka tsela ena, ho na le sebaka se seholoanyane pakeng tsa koporo le khetla, 'me mocheso o ka fetisetsoa ka ntle' me oa lokolloa ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa ho futhumatsa metsi.
Lipalo tse ngata tsa makenete ke senotlolo sa ho sebelisa mefuta ea maqhubu a sinusoidal, e thusang ho fokotsa li-harmonics. Li-harmonics tsena li bonahala e le ho futhumatsa ha limakete le mantlha, athe likarolo tsa koporo li ke ke tsa tlosa mocheso. Ha mocheso o bokellana ho limakete le li-cores tsa tšepe, ts'ebetso e ea fokotseha, ke ka lebaka leo ho ntlafatsa sebopeho sa maqhubu le tsela ea mocheso ho leng bohlokoa bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea enjine.
Moralo oa enjene o ntlafalitsoe ho fokotsa litšenyehelo le ho fihlela tlhahiso ea boima bo ikemetseng. Lesale la matlo a extruded ha le hloke ts'ebetso e rarahaneng ea mechine mme e ka fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa thepa. Coil e ka lemala ka ho toba 'me mokhoa oa ho kopanya o sebelisoa nakong ea ts'ebetso ea matsoelintsoeke ho boloka sebopeho se nepahetseng sa kopano.
Ntlha ea bohlokoa ke hore coil e entsoe ka terata e tloaelehileng e fumanehang khoebong, ha tšepe ea tšepe e entsoe ka laminated ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa tšepe ea transformer, e hlokang feela ho khaoloa ka sebōpeho. Meetso e meng ea enjene e hloka ts'ebeliso ea lisebelisoa tse bonolo tsa makenete ho lamination ea mantlha, e ka bang theko e phahameng haholo.
Tšebeliso ea li-winding tse ajoang e bolela hore tšepe ea makenete ha e hloke ho aroloa; E ka ba libopeho tse bonolo le ho ba bonolo ho li etsa. Ho fokotsa boholo ba tšepe ea makenete le ho netefatsa boiketlo ba eona ba ho etsa tlhahiso ho na le phello e kholo ho fokotsa litšenyehelo.
Moralo oa koloi ena ea axial flux le eona e ka etsoa ho latela litlhoko tsa bareki. Bareki ba na le liphetolelo tse ikhethileng tse ntlafalitsoeng ho pota moralo oa mantlha. Ebe e etsoa moleng oa tlhahiso ea liteko bakeng sa netefatso ea tlhahiso ea pele, e ka phetoang lifemeng tse ling.
Tloaelo haholo hobane ts'ebetso ea koloi ha e itšetlehe feela ka moralo oa axial magnetic flux motor, empa hape le boleng ba sebopeho sa koloi, pakete ea betri le BMS.
Nako ea poso: Sep-28-2023
